The Australian Saddle - Blending Tradition with Innovation

A Tale of Necessity and Invention

Picture this: it's 1833 in the unforgiving Australian outback. The sun beats down mercilessly as a stockman urges his horse up a steep, rocky incline, chasing after cattle that have wandered from the herd. Unlike his European counterparts riding on traditional English saddles, this rider sits confidently, his legs braced against specially designed pads at the front of his saddle—an innovation that keeps him securely mounted while navigating the challenging terrain.

This scene captures the essence of why the Australian stock saddle came into existence. Born of necessity in one of the world's harshest environments, the Australian saddle represents one of equestrian history's most practical innovations. Far from being merely a modified English saddle, it evolved into a unique piece of equipment that would eventually gain worldwide recognition for its remarkable blend of security, comfort, and versatility.

Today, whether you're exploring rugged trails in Montana, working cattle in Queensland, or simply enjoying a leisurely ride through autumn woods, the Australian saddle offers distinct advantages that have made it a favorite among riders seeking both security and comfort. This comprehensive guide explores the fascinating world of Australian saddles—their history, unique design features, advantages for both horse and rider, and how they compare to other popular saddle styles.

The Fascinating History: From Convict Colony to Global Recognition

The story of the Australian saddle begins with the First Fleet in 1788, when English settlers arrived on the continent with their traditional European tack. These settlers, many of them convicts and their guards, soon discovered that their familiar English saddles were woefully inadequate for the demands of the Australian landscape and the work required to tame it.

The earliest modifications were simple but effective—settlers began adding elements to their English saddles that would provide greater stability and security. As John Jones advertised as early as 1833, "Stock and Bush saddles" featured soft stuffed rolls sewn to the outside of the flap, intended to protect the rider's legs and provide much-needed security when traversing the rugged terrain.

The most significant innovation—and what would become the defining feature of Australian saddles—was the addition of poleys or kneepads at the front of the saddle. These extensions allowed riders to brace their thighs and remain securely seated even when horses made sudden movements or navigated steep slopes. The term "poley" itself comes from a curious origin—it means a cow with its horns cut off, as the early versions of these extensions resembled the ears of such animals.

In 1863, William Mitchell Jr. took saddle design a step further by developing a model that positioned the kneepad higher and shortened the seat, allowing riders to sit more forward for improved balance. Later, in the 1920s, Albert 'Bertie' Cox created the revolutionary "broken neck" poley, which further enhanced rider security by adjusting the seat webbings to create a flatter seat and raising the kneepads closer to the top of the pommel.

While Australian saddles gained popularity throughout the Commonwealth countries over the following decades, they remained relatively unknown in the United States until 1982, when the film "The Man from Snowy River" was released. The movie featured breathtaking horseback riding scenes that showcased riders using Australian saddles to navigate incredibly steep terrain. American audiences were captivated, and interest in these unique saddles soared.

Colin Dangaard, president of the Australian Stock Saddle Company, recalls being "thrown out of rodeos for promoting Aussie saddles, which cowboys thought were only good for ladies." Today, however, Australian saddles have earned respect worldwide, with riders of all disciplines appreciating their unique benefits. Law enforcement officers particularly favor them because, as Dangaard notes, "they can't get pulled out of them"—a testament to the extraordinary security these saddles provide.

Design and Purpose: Form Following Function

The Australian saddle represents a masterclass in functional design. Every aspect of its construction addresses specific needs of riders working in challenging conditions, resulting in a saddle that excels in security, comfort, and durability.

The Defining Features

At first glance, an Australian saddle might look like a hybrid between Western and English designs—and in many ways, it is. However, closer inspection reveals several distinctive characteristics:

Poleys (Kneepads): The most distinguishing feature, poleys are extensions at the front of the saddle designed to keep the rider secure. Positioned parallel to the rider's thigh and about 3/4-inch away, they allow riders to brace themselves when necessary, preventing forward slides during sudden stops or steep descents. The curved design of models like the Somerset saddle is particularly effective for downhill riding, providing a natural pocket for the thigh to lock into.

Deep Seat: Australian saddles feature a deep, secure seat that cradles the rider. The seat design encourages a proper riding position while providing comfort during long hours in the saddle.

Flaps and Fenders: Traditional Australian saddles have flaps similar to dressage saddles, though some modern variations incorporate Western-style fenders for added leg protection and support. The premium Syd Hill Suprema Stock Saddle, for example, features traditionally-styled flaps with the perfect balance of rigidity and flexibility to accommodate the rider's leg position.

No Horn: Unlike Western saddles, Australian saddles do not have a horn. This reflects the different cattle-working techniques used in Australia, where historically, animals were not roped as they were considered too wild for such methods.

Double Girthing System: Australian saddles utilize a highly efficient double girthing system. Billet straps sewn to the saddle and an overgirth (a strap going across the top of the saddle) both buckle directly to the girth. This system allows for more effective girthing and helps prevent saddle slippage.

Tree Construction

The foundation of any saddle is its tree, and Australian saddles offer several options:

Wood and Steel: Traditional trees combine wood for structure with steel reinforcement for durability. These trees feature a unique suspended seat system where the rider sits on webbing covered with padding and leather, creating a hammock-like effect that enhances comfort.

Fiberglass: A more modern option, fiberglass trees offer durability while maintaining the traditional feel of an Australian saddle.

Polyurethane: These contemporary trees provide consistent construction, durability, and reduced weight—beneficial for both horse and rider comfort during long rides.

Adjustable Gullet Systems: Some modern manufacturers, including Wintec and some Syd Hill models, offer adjustable gullet systems that allow riders to customize the fit for different horses.

Panel and Padding Design

The underside of most Australian saddles features stuffed panels that contribute significantly to horse comfort:

Generous Padding: Traditional saddles boast approximately 2 inches of padding in most areas, providing superior shock absorption and weight distribution.

Wool or Acrylic Flocking: The panels are typically stuffed with either wool wadding or acrylic flocking, materials chosen for their excellent comfort, resiliency, and breathability. As the padding compacts with use, it naturally conforms to an individual horse's back, creating a custom fit over time.

Self-Adjusting Capability: This unique panel design allows the saddle to self-adjust to the horse's conformation, a feature that has proven effective for nearly two centuries.

Purpose: Versatility for Various Disciplines

The Australian saddle's design makes it exceptionally versatile, suitable for various riding disciplines and purposes:

Trail and Endurance Riding: The secure seat, comfortable design, and ability to carry gear make Australian saddles popular choices for long-distance riders. Many trail enthusiasts find that the Syd Hill Suprema's deep seat and balanced design reduce fatigue during full-day rides through varying terrain.

Starting Young Horses: The security provided by the poleys makes Australian saddles excellent "breaking saddles" when training young or green horses, giving riders confidence during those unpredictable early rides.

Ranch Work: The saddle's durability and rider security make it well-suited for the demands of working cattle and other livestock. Unlike the Western saddle, which developed primarily around roping, the Australian saddle evolved to keep riders mounted during fast, agile movements across rough country.

Pleasure Riding: Many recreational riders appreciate the comfort and stability of Australian saddles for casual riding.

Competition: Australian saddles are used in specialized events like campdrafting (an Australian sport similar to cutting) and stockman challenges.

For those interested in not just riding but also developing their horsemanship skills, comprehensive training resources can significantly enhance the experience with any saddle type. Digital courses on gentle and effective training methods can provide valuable knowledge for riders at any level, from novice to advanced.

Riding Position and Comfort: Why Many Converts Never Look Back

One of the most distinctive aspects of the Australian saddle is the riding position it promotes. Unlike English saddles that place the rider's legs directly beneath them, or Western saddles that can create a chair-like position, Australian saddles tend to position the rider's legs slightly forward, reminiscent of a dressage position but with more security.

The Ideal Position in an Australian Saddle

When properly seated in an Australian saddle:

• The rider sits deep in the seat with weight evenly distributed

• Legs extend slightly forward, with heels naturally dropping down

• Thighs rest against or near the poleys, ready to brace if needed

• The upper body remains upright yet relaxed

This position offers several advantages:

• Better Weight Distribution: With the feet forward of the hips, weight is distributed more evenly, resulting in less stress on the knees—a significant benefit for riders with joint issues

• Enhanced Security: The poleys and deep seat work together to keep the rider centered and secure, even during quick movements or over challenging terrain

• Reduced Fatigue: The balanced position and supportive seat minimize muscle fatigue during long rides

• Improved Horse-Rider Communication: The close contact nature of the flaps, leathers, and rigging provides excellent feel for the horse, enhancing control and communication

Adapting Riding Techniques

Riding in an Australian saddle requires some adjustments compared to English or Western riding techniques:

Posting: When posting the trot, the movement is typically smaller than in an English saddle—just clearing the seat is sufficient. As one Chronicle Forum user noted, "Posting properly in the Aussie saddle on a horse with a big trot can be difficult," though many riders adapt quite successfully.

Two-Point Position: While the poleys might seem to impede achieving a jumping position, many riders find they don't interfere with adopting a two-point stance. However, the saddle isn't designed primarily for jumping disciplines.

Hill Work: When ascending hills, riders can lean forward and grab mane for stability. For descents, leaning back while positioning the legs slightly forward provides the most security.

Galloping: At faster gaits, riders naturally adopt a more forward position, with the poleys providing additional security during these more dynamic movements.

Mounting: The Australian saddle requires a specific mounting technique to avoid stressing the horse's back. Riders should hold the reins and a portion of mane in one hand, insert their foot in the stirrup while keeping the knee in, and quickly shift their weight over the saddle.

Comfort for Horse and Rider

The Australian saddle's design considers comfort for both partners in the riding equation:

Rider Comfort:

• The suspended seat of wood and steel trees creates a hammock-like effect that cushions the rider from impact

• The secure position reduces muscle tension and fatigue

• The balanced riding position puts half the rider's weight in the seat and half in the stirrups

• Many riders who experience discomfort in other saddle types report relief when switching to Australian saddles

For riders spending long days in the saddle, comfort extends beyond just saddle choice. Quality riding apparel, such as rugged, flexible jackets designed for movement and weather protection, can significantly enhance the riding experience, particularly during cooler weather trail rides or working conditions.

Horse Comfort:

• Australian saddles sit more forward on a horse's back compared to Western saddles

• This position places the rider's weight over the horse's shoulders rather than mid-spine, often resulting in better weight distribution

• The generous padding and self-adjusting panels conform to the horse's back, reducing pressure points

• The lighter weight (14-26 pounds fully fitted, compared to heavier Western saddles) decreases fatigue during long rides

The combination of these features explains why many riders who try Australian saddles become dedicated advocates. As one rider put it, "I am not comfortable trail riding in English, and my mom would roll in her grave if she knew I had a western saddle—but my Australian saddle is perfect."

Comparison to Other Saddle Types: Finding Your Perfect Match

To truly understand what makes the Australian saddle unique, it helps to compare it to the two other main saddle types popular in Western countries—English and Western saddles.

Australian vs. English Saddles

The Australian saddle evolved from the English saddle, and traces of this lineage remain visible. In fact, as one expert noted, "If you were to take away the knee pad and cantle of the Australian saddle, what is left is basically a dressage saddle."

Similarities:

• Both typically feature flaps rather than fenders

• Both place the rider in a relatively balanced position

• Stirrup leathers are exposed on both designs

• The basic tree shape shares common ancestry

Key Differences:

• Australian saddles have poleys for security; English saddles do not

• Australian saddles feature a deeper seat and higher cantle

• Australian saddles typically have more substantial padding

• English saddles are designed primarily for sport; Australian saddles for practical work and distance riding

• Australian saddles generally measure about one inch smaller than comparable English saddles

For English riders transitioning to an Australian saddle, the feel can be somewhat familiar but with notably enhanced security. Many find this combination appealing, particularly for trail riding or working with green horses.

Australian vs. Western Saddles

While visually distinct, Australian and Western saddles share a common purpose—they both evolved to meet the demands of working cattle in challenging environments.

Similarities:

• Both provide greater security than English saddles

• Both were designed for long hours of comfortable riding

• Both feature deeper seats and higher cantles than English saddles

• Both include features for carrying gear

Key Differences:

• Western saddles have a horn; Australian saddles do not

• Australian saddles are generally lighter (14-26 pounds vs. 30-45 pounds for Western)

• Australian saddles sit more forward on the horse's back

• Stirrup position is more forward on Australian saddles

• Australian saddles generally measure about one inch larger than comparable Western saddles

• Western saddles developed for roping cattle; Australian saddles for mustering and general stock work

Western riders trying Australian saddles often appreciate the reduced weight and close contact feel while maintaining security. Some modern "Half-Breed" designs incorporate elements of both styles, creating a hybrid that appeals to riders familiar with Western saddles but seeking certain Australian features.

Which Saddle Type Is Right for You?

The ideal saddle depends on your specific needs, riding style, and preferences:

Consider an Australian saddle if:

• You value security while maintaining close contact with your horse

• You primarily trail ride or work cattle without roping

• You're looking for a lighter alternative to a Western saddle

• You experience knee problems in other saddle types

• You work with young or unpredictable horses

• You ride in varied terrain, especially hilly areas

An English saddle might be better if:

• You primarily ride in an arena setting

• You focus on jumping, dressage, or other English disciplines

• You prefer a very close contact feel

• Weight and packability are your top priorities

A Western saddle might be preferable if:

• Your riding regularly involves roping livestock

• You're already accustomed to Western riding techniques

• You prioritize extensive storage options for trail or ranch work

• You prefer the traditional Western aesthetic

Some riders find that maintaining saddles of different styles allows them to select the most appropriate option for each specific riding situation. The premium Syd Hill Suprema Stock Saddle represents an excellent investment for those seeking a high-quality Australian option that performs consistently across various disciplines.

Accessories and Equipment: Completing Your Setup

A well-equipped rider needs more than just a saddle, and the Australian saddle accommodates a variety of accessories designed to enhance functionality, safety, and comfort.

Essential Australian Saddle Accessories

Saddle Pads and Numnahs: Australian saddles typically use thinner pads than Western saddles due to their already generous padding. A good quality wool or synthetic blend pad helps absorb sweat and provides additional cushioning.

Girths: The double girthing system requires a suitable girth, usually with multiple buckles to accommodate both the billet straps and overgirth.

Breastplates: A breastplate (or breastcollar) attaches to the D-rings at the front of the saddle and helps prevent the saddle from slipping backward, particularly important when riding in hilly terrain.

Cruppers: This strap attaches to the back of the saddle and passes under the horse's tail, preventing the saddle from sliding forward on steep descents.

Stirrup Leathers and Stirrups: 2½-inch leathers make it easier to turn the stirrups into the correct position. Some riders prefer Western-style fenders to prevent pinching, especially on longer rides.

D-rings and Bridge Staples: These attachments allow riders to secure gear to the saddle. Behind the knee pad are a couple of small D-rings that serve as tie points for a bedroll, while the three D's at the back accommodate saddlebags.

For riders who prioritize their horses' care and comfort, comprehensive grooming supplies are essential companions to any saddle type. Quality grooming kits containing brushes, combs, hoof picks, and other essentials ensure that horses remain clean, healthy, and comfortable under their riders' chosen saddles.

Maintenance Equipment

Proper care extends the life of any saddle, and Australian saddles are no exception. A basic maintenance kit should include:

Leather Conditioners: High-penetration conditioning oils like Leatherfain oil feed the leather and keep it supple. Some riders prefer beeswax-petroleum oil-based conditioners that both nourish the leather and leave a protective sheen.

Saddle Soap: Regular cleaning with saddle soap removes dirt, sweat, and oils that can degrade leather over time.

Application Brushes: A common painter's brush works well for applying conditioners, allowing for even coverage of all parts of the saddle.

Premium leather conditioners and protectors that penetrate deeply while creating a protective barrier against moisture are particularly valuable for maintaining Australian saddles, which often see heavy use in varied weather conditions.

The maintenance process is straightforward: clean the saddle with saddle soap and water, towel dry it, let it dry in the sun, and then apply a mixture of conditioning products in equal parts. Apply the conditioner generously to all parts of the saddle, including underneath, and allow it to soak in.

Fitting the Australian Saddle: Ensuring Comfort for Horse and Rider

No matter how well-designed or high-quality a saddle might be, if it doesn't fit properly, it won't perform as intended and may cause discomfort or even injury to both horse and rider.

Measuring for the Right Size

Australian saddles are measured differently than their English or Western counterparts:

1. For seat size, measure from the stitch seam at the front of the saddle (just at the base of the pommel) back to the inside of the cantle

2. As a general rule, Australian saddles measure about one inch larger than comparable Western saddles and about one inch smaller than comparable English saddles

3. When sitting in the saddle, there should be at least a palm's width between the knee pad and the thigh

Fitting to the Horse

The saddle must also fit the horse correctly:

1. The gullet should provide adequate clearance for the horse's spine, typically three fingers' width above the withers

2. The panels should make even contact with the horse's back without gaps or pressure points

3. The tree width should accommodate the horse's shoulder movement

4. The saddle should sit level on the horse's back, not tipping forward or backward

Many Australian saddles feature N.E.W. (Normal-Extra Wide) trees that fit most horses of standard conformation. For horses with unusual conformations, some wood and steel trees can be adjusted with special equipment to provide a custom fit.

Some modern manufacturers offer adjustable gullet systems that allow riders to modify the fit for different horses. This feature is particularly valuable for riders who use one saddle with multiple mounts.

For the most accurate fit, consulting a qualified saddle fitter is highly recommended. An English saddle fitter is often a good alternative when Australian saddle specialists aren't available, as the fitting principles are similar.

Popular Brands and Manufacturers: Quality Options for Every Budget

Several reputable manufacturers produce Australian saddles, each with their own distinctive features and price points.

Premium Australian Brands

Syd Hill & Sons: Founded in 1865, Syd Hill is the oldest Australian stock saddle brand still in business. Their Suprema saddle was a best-seller for over 50 years, known for its exceptional quality and comfortable ride. Modern Syd Hill saddles often feature adjustable gullets, making them versatile options for riders with multiple horses. The Gibson Half-breed saddle is currently a best-seller, particularly well-suited for stocky quarter horses.

Peter Horobin: Another respected Australian manufacturer known for quality craftsmanship and traditional design elements combined with modern innovations.

Toowoomba Saddlery: Founded in 1968, Toowoomba started by repairing saddles and selling leather strapping. Today, it's one of the largest importers of leather goods to Australia, supplying over 700 saddleries throughout Australia and New Zealand. They offer both traditional leather and synthetic tack options.

International Options

Down Under Saddle Supply: This company offers a variety of Australian saddles and is known for excellent customer service. Their Authentic Australian Saddle Co line includes options at various price points.

Wintec: Known for synthetic saddles with adjustable gullets, Wintec produces Australian models that are particularly popular among those seeking lightweight, weather-resistant options.

Finding Your Perfect Match

When shopping for an Australian saddle, consider these factors:

• Budget: Quality Australian saddles range widely in price, from entry-level models around $500 to premium hand-crafted saddles exceeding $3,000

• Materials: Leather saddles offer traditional appeal and durability, while synthetic options provide lighter weight and easier maintenance

• Tree Type: Consider wood and steel for traditional feel, or synthetic materials for lighter weight

• Features: Decide which features matter most to you—adjustable gullets, additional D-rings, special leather finishing, etc.

• Fit: Always prioritize proper fit for both you and your horse over brand name or aesthetics

For those seeking a premium option with proven heritage, the Syd Hill Suprema Stock Saddle represents an excellent investment. Available through select retailers, this saddle embodies the traditional craftsmanship and functionality that have made Australian saddles popular worldwide.

Maintenance and Care: Preserving Your Investment

A quality Australian saddle represents a significant investment, and proper maintenance can extend its life by many years while ensuring optimal performance.

Regular Cleaning Routine

Establish a regular cleaning schedule based on how frequently you ride:

1. After each ride, wipe down the saddle with a clean, damp cloth to remove sweat and dirt

2. For deeper cleaning, use a good saddle soap with water, scrubbing gently with a soft brush

3. Dry thoroughly with a towel, then allow to air dry completely away from direct heat sources

4. Apply leather conditioner as needed (typically every 4-8 weeks for regularly used saddles)

Conditioning for Longevity

Proper conditioning prevents leather from drying out and cracking:

1. Choose high-quality products designed specifically for saddle leather

2. High-penetration oils like Leatherfain nourish the leather deeply

3. Beeswax-petroleum oil-based conditioners provide both nourishment and surface protection

4. Apply conditioners using a painter's brush for even coverage

5. Condition all parts of the saddle, including underneath and areas not immediately visible

For those seeking premium leather care products, specialized leather conditioners that combine deep conditioning with protective properties can significantly extend a saddle's lifespan while maintaining its appearance and functionality.

Panel and Stuffing Maintenance

The wool or acrylic flocking in the panels may compress over time:

1. Check panels regularly for uneven stuffing or compression

2. If the stuffing has shifted, it can often be adjusted using an awl or garden weeder

3. For saddles without an access slot, one can be created using an exacto knife if needed

4. Professional reflocking is recommended every few years for heavily used saddles

Storage and Protection

When not in use, proper storage protects your saddle:

1. Store on a proper saddle rack that supports the tree without distorting it

2. Keep in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations

3. Cover with a breathable saddle cover to protect from dust and scratches

4. Never store a saddle that's still damp, as this can promote mold growth and leather degradation

Conclusion: Is an Australian Saddle Right for You?

[Image (Rider and Horse in Sunset with Australian Saddle)]

The Australian saddle represents a remarkable evolution in equestrian equipment—a practical solution born from the necessity of working in one of the world's most challenging environments. Its unique blend of security, comfort, and versatility has earned it a dedicated following worldwide, from casual trail riders to professional horsemen.

Is an Australian saddle the right choice for you? Consider these factors:

You might prefer an Australian saddle if:

• Security in the saddle is a top priority

• You value comfort during long hours of riding

• You frequently ride in varied terrain, especially hills

• You work with young or unpredictable horses

• You experience knee or joint discomfort in other saddle types

• You appreciate a balance between the close contact of English saddles and the security of Western designs

An Australian saddle might not be ideal if:

• Your riding focuses heavily on jumping disciplines

• You regularly rope cattle or other livestock

• You strongly prefer the aesthetic of traditional Western or English tack

• You require the specific functions of specialized discipline-specific saddles

For those who decide to explore the world of Australian saddles, starting with a quality option like the Syd Hill Suprema Stock Saddle provides an excellent introduction to the comfort and security these saddles offer. Complementing this with proper riding apparel, comprehensive horse care supplies, and quality leather maintenance products creates a complete system for enjoyable, comfortable riding.

The Australian saddle's journey—from its origins in a penal colony to global recognition as a premier saddle style—mirrors Australia's own evolution. What began as necessity-driven innovation has become a treasured tradition, continually refined but remaining true to its core purpose: keeping riders secure and comfortable while working in harmony with their horses across any terrain.

Whether you're navigating rugged trails, working with young horses, or simply enjoying the bond between horse and rider, the Australian saddle offers a unique combination of features that might just make it your saddle of choice for years to come.